Bài 14: Mạch có R, L, C mắc nối tiếp

Bài 4 (trang 79 SGK Vật Lý 12): Mạch điện xoay chiều gồm có R = 20Ω mắc nối tiếp với tụ điện C = 1/2000π F. Tìm biểu thức cường độ tức thời i, biết u = 60√2cos100πt (V).

Mạch R nối tiếp tụ điện thì i sớm pha so với u một góc φ. Ta có u = 60√2cos100πt

→ i = <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="2.077ex" height="2.509ex" viewBox="0 -791.3 894.4 1080.4" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">I_{0}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-49" d="M43 1Q26 1 26 10Q26 12 29 24Q34 43 39 45Q42 46 54 46H60Q120 46 136 53Q137 53 138 54Q143 56 149 77T198 273Q210 318 216 344Q286 624 286 626Q284 630 284 631Q274 637 213 637H193Q184 643 189 662Q193 677 195 680T209 683H213Q285 681 359 681Q481 681 487 683H497Q504 676 504 672T501 655T494 639Q491 637 471 637Q440 637 407 634Q393 631 388 623Q381 609 337 432Q326 385 315 341Q245 65 245 59Q245 52 255 50T307 46H339Q345 38 345 37T342 19Q338 6 332 0H316Q279 2 179 2Q143 2 113 2T65 2T43 1Z"></path><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMAIN-30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-49" x="0" y="0"></use> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMAIN-30" x="622" y="-213"></use></g></svg> cos(100πt + φ <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="0.8ex" height="1.676ex" viewBox="0 -432.6 344.3 721.6" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">{}_{i}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-69" d="M184 600Q184 624 203 642T247 661Q265 661 277 649T290 619Q290 596 270 577T226 557Q211 557 198 567T184 600ZM21 287Q21 295 30 318T54 369T98 420T158 442Q197 442 223 419T250 357Q250 340 236 301T196 196T154 83Q149 61 149 51Q149 26 166 26Q175 26 185 29T208 43T235 78T260 137Q263 149 265 151T282 153Q302 153 302 143Q302 135 293 112T268 61T223 11T161 -11Q129 -11 102 10T74 74Q74 91 79 106T122 220Q160 321 166 341T173 380Q173 404 156 404H154Q124 404 99 371T61 287Q60 286 59 284T58 281T56 279T53 278T49 278T41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-69" x="0" y="-213"></use></g></svg> )

https://api.chinhxac.vn/media/public/dc/d8/dcd82c38-0357-4857-9270-2a5ba633c93a/462654e86b504cbb9b4e3086a9cbdcd8.png

https://api.chinhxac.vn/media/public/26/eb/26eb24e7-59bd-4321-b4d7-25861ea58d4a/a086a2875d7a4f1aa79be7b337475835.png

→ φ = φ <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="1.172ex" height="1.343ex" viewBox="0 -289 504.8 578.1" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">{}_{u}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-75" d="M21 287Q21 295 30 318T55 370T99 420T158 442Q204 442 227 417T250 358Q250 340 216 246T182 105Q182 62 196 45T238 27T291 44T328 78L339 95Q341 99 377 247Q407 367 413 387T427 416Q444 431 463 431Q480 431 488 421T496 402L420 84Q419 79 419 68Q419 43 426 35T447 26Q469 29 482 57T512 145Q514 153 532 153Q551 153 551 144Q550 139 549 130T540 98T523 55T498 17T462 -8Q454 -10 438 -10Q372 -10 347 46Q345 45 336 36T318 21T296 6T267 -6T233 -11Q189 -11 155 7Q103 38 103 113Q103 170 138 262T173 379Q173 380 173 381Q173 390 173 393T169 400T158 404H154Q131 404 112 385T82 344T65 302T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-75" x="0" y="-213"></use></g></svg> – φ <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="0.8ex" height="1.676ex" viewBox="0 -432.6 344.3 721.6" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">{}_{i}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-69" d="M184 600Q184 624 203 642T247 661Q265 661 277 649T290 619Q290 596 270 577T226 557Q211 557 198 567T184 600ZM21 287Q21 295 30 318T54 369T98 420T158 442Q197 442 223 419T250 357Q250 340 236 301T196 196T154 83Q149 61 149 51Q149 26 166 26Q175 26 185 29T208 43T235 78T260 137Q263 149 265 151T282 153Q302 153 302 143Q302 135 293 112T268 61T223 11T161 -11Q129 -11 102 10T74 74Q74 91 79 106T122 220Q160 321 166 341T173 380Q173 404 156 404H154Q124 404 99 371T61 287Q60 286 59 284T58 281T56 279T53 278T49 278T41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-69" x="0" y="-213"></use></g></svg> → φ <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="0.8ex" height="1.676ex" viewBox="0 -432.6 344.3 721.6" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">{}_{i}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-69" d="M184 600Q184 624 203 642T247 661Q265 661 277 649T290 619Q290 596 270 577T226 557Q211 557 198 567T184 600ZM21 287Q21 295 30 318T54 369T98 420T158 442Q197 442 223 419T250 357Q250 340 236 301T196 196T154 83Q149 61 149 51Q149 26 166 26Q175 26 185 29T208 43T235 78T260 137Q263 149 265 151T282 153Q302 153 302 143Q302 135 293 112T268 61T223 11T161 -11Q129 -11 102 10T74 74Q74 91 79 106T122 220Q160 321 166 341T173 380Q173 404 156 404H154Q124 404 99 371T61 287Q60 286 59 284T58 281T56 279T53 278T49 278T41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-69" x="0" y="-213"></use></g></svg> = φ <svg style="display: inline-block; position: relative; top: -4px;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="1.172ex" height="1.343ex" viewBox="0 -289 504.8 578.1" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MathJax-SVG-1-Title"><title id="MathJax-SVG-1-Title">{}_{u}</title><defs aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-width="1" id="E1-MJMATHI-75" d="M21 287Q21 295 30 318T55 370T99 420T158 442Q204 442 227 417T250 358Q250 340 216 246T182 105Q182 62 196 45T238 27T291 44T328 78L339 95Q341 99 377 247Q407 367 413 387T427 416Q444 431 463 431Q480 431 488 421T496 402L420 84Q419 79 419 68Q419 43 426 35T447 26Q469 29 482 57T512 145Q514 153 532 153Q551 153 551 144Q550 139 549 130T540 98T523 55T498 17T462 -8Q454 -10 438 -10Q372 -10 347 46Q345 45 336 36T318 21T296 6T267 -6T233 -11Q189 -11 155 7Q103 38 103 113Q103 170 138 262T173 379Q173 380 173 381Q173 390 173 393T169 400T158 404H154Q131 404 112 385T82 344T65 302T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)" aria-hidden="true"> <use transform="scale(0.707)" xlink:href="#E1-MJMATHI-75" x="0" y="-213"></use></g></svg> – φ = 0 – (-π/4) = π/4

Giải bài 4 trang 79 SGK Vật Lý 12